Sagres is an awkward shaped beast of a town! It is long and thing along two axes running from the Fortaleza. There is not really a centre..there are two or three. By car, its about 2kms into the real centre of town.
However, as the fly crows, if you walk and take the shortcut along the beach from Martinhal, behind the Mimmo Baleira Hotel, you will come, after about 800m, to Rua Comandante Matoso. To your left the road leads down to the Doca da Pesca (Fishing Dock) and the other way along to Praça de São Vicente. Along this road you will find some shops, a chemist, some cafes etc.
See the google map here: http://bit.ly/cKhHL4